Thursday, August 21, 2025

Polaris of Enlightenment

Economics writer on the European electricity market: “A failed joke”

The energy crisis in Europe

Published 12 December 2024
– By Editorial Staff
Due to electricity prices, even a quick shower has become an unaffordable luxury for many.
3 minute read

Yesterday, electricity prices in southern Sweden were at times 18,000% higher than in central Sweden – because there was no wind in Germany.

Economy reporter Andreas Cervenka notes that Swedish electricity customers have been overcharged by more than SEK 300 billion (€26 billion) via their electricity bills, and says the Swedish electricity market is “starting to look like a very failed joke”.

Anyone living in Malmö or “Electricity Area 4”, which is apparently this nation’s new name, can expect to pay just over SEK 31, including VAT, for a ten-minute shower at five o’clock today,” he writes in the tabloid Aftonbladet, while seeing how electricity customers in Sundsvall only have to pay SEK 0.17 for the same shower.

That’s a price difference of 184 times or 18,000%. In addition, there are various fees, so it’s actually even more expensive. It’s as if Malmö residents were to pay SEK 3,700 for a liter of milk and Sundsvall residents a twenty. Where is this even going?” he asks.

According to observers and analysts, it’s Germany’s fault, and they are extremely dependent on wind power. When there is no wind there, Sweden is instead drained of electricity via the export cables, and electricity becomes more expensive here at home.

“A proof of poverty”

Cervenka points out that the mechanisms behind electricity prices are very confusing and that the soaring electricity prices have made Swedes sit down and Google the current day’s or hour’s prices before turning on the shower, for example

Somewhat of a proof of poverty, you might say, for one of the world’s richest countries, which last year actually produced more electricity than we used. The difference was quite large, as much as 28 terawatt-hours, according to the Swedish Energy Agency, which corresponds to 5.6 billion ten-minute showers, for those who are wondering”, he states.

Andreas Cervenka. Photo: faksimil/AB/YT

In the past, policymakers have blamed the extreme price differences on a lack of transmission capacity in the electricity grids, and EU directives recently introduced the new “flowbased” model, which was supposed to make more efficient use of the electricity grids.

Analysts and experts were critical of the new model and warned that prices would soar further – and by all accounts, they were right.

“A masterless grid monopoly”

According to electricity market analyst Bengt Ekenstierna, the Swedish electricity market will be even more closely linked to Germany than before, and he is saddened that Swedish politicians seem to have abandoned all attempts to influence other EU countries’ views on the electricity market.

It is the duty of every politician to put their fist on the table and work to change when applied EU regulations lead to such effects as it has had on the electricity market in Sweden over the past 3 years. Electricity customers have been overcharged by more than SEK 300 billion via their electricity bills”, he states in a newsletter.

… and that doesn’t even account for the 100 billion in overcharges occurring through skyrocketing and uncontrolled electricity grid fees from a masterless grid monopoly”, he continues.

300 billion is a sum so large that it is difficult to grasp, according to Cervenka, who concludes by announcing that he will take a “long, expensive shower” and try to forget what he just read.

Someone must be making fun of us”, he concludes.

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Halted nuclear power sends Swedish electricity prices soaring

The energy crisis in Europe

Published today 9:57
– By Editorial Staff
One-sixth of the electricity consumed in Sweden comes from the three reactors at Forsmark, a nuclear power plant located north of Stockholm.
3 minute read

Electricity prices in southern Sweden are now approaching winter price levels in the middle of summer. With three of six nuclear reactors out of service and calm weather conditions, August is expected to be the year’s second most expensive month for electricity consumers.

Despite low summer consumption, electricity prices in electricity area 4, which covers southern Sweden, have surged to levels normally only seen during the winter months. The average price so far during August stands at 0.63 SEK (€0.056) per kilowatt-hour (kWh) – the highest level since February, according to the Nord Pool electricity exchange.

Forecasts point to even higher prices ahead. According to Bixia’s electricity market analyst Johan Sigvardsson, dry and calm weather conditions are expected to drive prices toward nearly 1 SEK per kWh in southern Sweden during the rest of the month.

“August looks set to become the second most expensive month of the year (so far) after February”, Sigvardsson states in a written comment to the Swedish news agency TT.

Large regional differences

The price differences between the country’s various electricity areas are remarkably large. While southern Sweden struggles with high prices, northern Sweden (electricity areas 1 and 2) remains at extremely low levels – only 0.06-0.07 SEK per kWh on average during August. Central Sweden and northern Götaland (electricity area 3) fall between these extremes at around 0.34 SEK.

Christian Holtz, electricity analyst at consulting firm Merlin&Metis, explains that the extensive nuclear power shutdown is a main cause of the price differences.

— It affects partly because there is less available capacity. And then it often becomes more difficult to handle large transmission of electricity from north to south when you shut down these reactors, says Holtz.

With limited nuclear power production, southern Sweden ends up at practically the same price levels as Germany and the rest of continental Europe. There, prices have been high at times during the summer when French nuclear power was forced to run at reduced capacity due to cooling water that was too warm.

The high temperatures have also led to increased electricity consumption as air conditioning systems have been running at full capacity, according to Christian Holtz.

Worrying parallels to 2022

Another factor that could drive up prices is the declining water levels in Nordic hydropower dams. After a period with levels above normal during spring and early summer, Norwegian water reservoirs now lie clearly below average.

“It’s starting to resemble 2022 when low Norwegian water reservoirs were a strongly contributing cause to the high prices. If it continues to be dry, we will see higher prices this autumn than we’ve become accustomed to in recent years”, warns Johan Sigvardsson.

For consumers, the high exchange prices represent a significant cost. In addition to the actual electricity price, electricity companies’ markups, electricity tax, VAT and grid fees are added, which together amount to well over 1 SEK per kWh.

Sweden has a total of six nuclear reactors: three at Forsmark, two at Ringhals and one at Oskarshamn. Currently, three reactors are shut down: Oskarshamn 3 is out of service until preliminarily September 17, Ringhals 4 is undergoing annual revision until September 14, and Forsmark 1 is stopped due to damaged piping with preliminary restart on August 24.

Sweden discovers strategic metals crucial for future technologies

The energy crisis in Europe

Published 22 July 2025
– By Editorial Staff
Swedish mining company LKAB hopes that with the new discovery, Sweden will become less dependent on foreign actors regarding rare earth metals. NOTE: Archive image.
3 minute read

Sweden could play a key role in Europe’s efforts to reduce its dependence on China for strategically important metals. Swedish mining company LKAB’s major discovery of rare earth metals in Kiruna, northern Sweden, is now being highlighted as a potential solution to the EU’s growing raw materials problem.

The European Commission has recently granted the LKAB project “strategic” status under the EU’s Critical Raw Materials Act, which means simplified permit processes and priority handling, reports Dagens Industri (Swedish business daily).

After in-depth investigations, the mineral resources in what is called the Per Geijer deposit are now estimated at approximately 1.2 billion tons, with up to 2.2 million tons of rare earth metals and high levels of iron and phosphorus – making the deposit the largest of its kind within the EU.

Rare earth metals are crucial in the manufacturing of electric vehicles, wind turbines and advanced electronics, among other things. Today, China dominates production, which has created concerns about supply chains as demand increases globally.

The EU’s new raw materials law aims to ensure that at least 10 percent of needs can be met within the union by 2030.

Significant step – but long road to extraction

Despite the large resources, extensive assessments remain before extraction can begin. LKAB has started environmental assessments, technical investigations and economic analyses, but both the company and Swedish authorities emphasize that the process is expected to take several years.

The next major energy issue will be rare earth metals where China has positioned itself over the past 30-40 years. Without them, we cannot manufacture electric cars, fighter jets or iPhones. Then the question is whether we want to let Xi Jinping decide that or not, says Jan Moström, CEO of LKAB.

The extraction of rare earth metals could take place in parallel with iron ore mining, which increases the project’s profitability and reduces dependence on global monopoly-like structures.

What we did for many years in Sweden was to export our environmental, climate and landscape impact to other countries and didn’t care about it when we imported these materials. That worked as long as we had free trade. Then the question is whether we should go back to using wood and stone or secure the materials and resolve these conflicting goals, Moström argues.

Political and industrial support

Both the Swedish government and the European Commission are now highlighting the Kiruna discovery as an important step toward a more self-sufficient Europe.

The project is expected to contribute to the “green transition” that requires large quantities of strategic metals, while also creating new jobs and strengthening Swedish mining industry.

At the same time, questions remain about environmental impact, coexistence with reindeer herding and local opinion – factors that have already delayed previous mining projects in Sweden.

How quickly LKAB can move from prospecting to production will determine whether Europe has the opportunity to reduce dependence on non-European suppliers in time for the next technological leap.

The Per Geijer deposit

According to LKAB (Swedish state-owned mining company), the deposit contains mineral resources of 734 million tons of iron ore with high iron content as well as phosphorus and more than 1.3 million tons of rare earth metals.

The concentrations of rare earth metals in the Per Geijer deposit are ten times higher than in the Kiruna ore where LKAB currently operates mines.

The Per Geijer area is intended to become LKAB's next mining site. Previously, it has been estimated that it could take 10–15 years before mining could become viable. This is primarily due to obtaining the necessary permits.

Source: LKAB via Dagens Industri

Power shortages threaten southern Sweden this winter

The energy crisis in Europe

Published 17 June 2025
– By Editorial Staff
Residents in southern Sweden can expect sky-high electricity prices this winter.
2 minute read

Svenska kraftnät (the Swedish national grid operator) warns of a critical electricity shortage in southern Sweden this winter equivalent to the output of seven nuclear reactors. A new report shows that electricity area SE4, southern Götaland including Skåne, is particularly vulnerable.

The forecast points to a power shortage of 7,700 MWh/h during a normal winter in SE3 and SE4. The reason is insufficient plannable production in relation to consumption.

Malin Johansson, energy and climate manager at the industry organization IKEM, is calling for quick solutions:

This confirms that we need to quickly build new capacity in the form of gas turbines and batteries that can even out the peaks and cope with the power demand in southern Sweden, especially during cold, windless winter days.

Imports do not offer a reliable solution either, as the electricity systems of neighboring countries are often just as strained:

Analyses of import opportunities from neighboring countries show that most, like Sweden, are dependent on imports in strained situations. This indicates that import opportunities from our neighboring countries at these times may be limited if shortages occur simultaneously”, writes Svenska kraftnät.

– It’s no news that if there’s no wind in Denmark, there’s no wind in Skåne either. Every country must take responsibility for its own electricity system. We can’t rely on neighboring countries, says Malin Johansson.

“Must be able to produce around the clock”

Svenska kraftnät highlights consumer flexibility and storage as solutions, but Johansson is skeptical:

– Why should we create a market where industry is forced to be flexible? It’s not as if we have a high added value from selling electricity to other countries. Industry must be able to produce around the clock to promote growth and prosperity in Sweden.

The transmission capacity between SE3 and SE4 is insufficient during peak hours, which drives up electricity prices in SE4. The ERAA 2024 report confirms that margins are shrinking in southern Sweden, where demand is increasing while transmission from the north is limited. The situation requires urgent measures to secure the electricity supply.

The report points out that Europe’s electricity system is at risk of becoming increasingly vulnerable to power shortages. Despite extensive investments in wind and solar power, there is no realistic plan to replace fossil fuel-based electricity production that is being phased out for economic reasons. As a result, new capacity may not be built in time, which threatens security of supply.

EU’s new regulations threaten the future of wood-burning stoves

The energy crisis in Europe

Published 21 March 2025
– By Editorial Staff
For many, the wood-burning stove is not only a source of energy but also a symbol of tradition and independence.
4 minute read

EU plans to tighten rules on wood-burning stoves and fireplaces have become a source of debate within the EU and not least in Sweden. Stricter emission limits and electricity connection requirements risk increasing costs for users by thousands of euros a year and affecting a beloved heating method.

The European Commission is currently drafting a new Ecodesign Regulation and plans to introduce it in 2027. The proposal lowers the soot particle limit from 1 500 milligrams to 500 milligrams and requires new stoves to be connected to the electricity grid for automatic combustion control.

The aim is to reduce emissions and support the EU’s climate goals, but the rules only apply to new installations – not to existing stoves.

Critics have reacted strongly to the proposal. The industry association CEFACD, which represents manufacturers of stoves and fireplaces, warns of soaring costs and fewer people upgrading to modern models.

“Threat to Swedish interests”

Frank Kienle from CEFACD states in conversation with Samnytt: – Higher prices can discourage upgrades, which harms both the environment and the industry.

– Some development is needed. It’s the same with the car industry. The lifetime of a car is maybe ten to fifteen years. For a stove it is a bit different. It can easily last for fifty years.

Swedish politicians, such as Beatrice Timgren (SD), agree and point to the risks for Sweden’s total defense, where stoves play an important role during power outages.

– The proposal now on the table is a direct threat to Swedish interests. Our total defense cannot be made dependent on the electricity grid, says Beatrice Timgren.

Translation of above tweet: “Who is affected by this proposal? There are at least 1.9 million different types of stoves and fireplaces in Sweden today. Like almost everything else in our lives, they are subject to EU micromanagement. A plethora of directives, regulations and decisions from Brussels govern every detail of the design of the products used to heat many of our cottages and houses.

House, villa and cottage owners can be forced to pay for expensive renovations and be forced to use less efficient heating systems. This is an ill-considered blow to the Swedish dream of disconnected and natural cottage life.

The rules are now proposed to be changed and will be discussed in the Commission’s expert group Forum on Ecodesign and Energy Labeling”

“The wood stove rebellion”

Sweden has a history of resistance to similar rules. In 2017, the National Board of Housing, Building and Planning introduced a ban on new installations of older wood-burning stoves, but after protests via the Facebook group “Vedspisupproret” (The Wood Stove Rebellion), the authority backed down two years later.

The movement brought together thousands of Swedes to defend the cultural and practical value of the stove, and the government was even sent logs to protest.

The current proposal is causing concern among small house owners, especially in sparsely populated areas. Electricity connection requirements work poorly for holiday homes without access to the electricity grid, with estimated costs of tens of thousands of euros for some users.

The industry argues that modern stoves meet the high standards set by the 2022 ecodesign rules, which reduce emissions by up to 90% compared to older models.

However, the EU’s work on the regulation has faced obstacles. Euractiv reported in February this year that the European Commission is postponing the presentation of the draft due to technical adjustments.

Timgren’s comments capture the frustration of many who see the stove as part of Swedish life, not just a source of heat. Meanwhile, European manufacturers risk losing ground to cheaper Chinese alternatives, according to CEFACD

Translation of above tweet: “What might the cost be? If cottage owners want to heat their houses, they will have to arrange their own electricity supply. If you live 600 meters from a connection point, such a connection costs SEK 148 875 (€13,600), according to Vattenfall.  There are over 610,000 holiday homes in Sweden. This is an attack on Swedish cottage life.”

Tradition and independence.

A 2018 European Commission report shows that domestic wood burning causes over 45% of fine particle emissions in the EU, despite accounting for only 2.7% of energy use.

Proponents argue that stricter requirements will improve air quality, while others wonder whether better information on burning techniques would be more effective. The debate thus reflects a difficult balancing act between different interest groups.

Past protests show that stoves are not just about heating, but also about tradition and independence. As the EU fine-tunes the rules, it will be crucial to balance environmental benefits against practical and cultural needs a challenge that is expected to continue to shape the debate until 2027.

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