The Faroe Islands consist of 18 small islands, mostly bordered by high mountains and narrow fjords in the North Atlantic Ocean between Scotland, Norway and Iceland, with a population of around 55 000. Faroese is a unique little Nordic language, descended directly from the Old Norse spoken by the Norse who settled the islands 1200 years ago. Formally part of the Kingdom of Denmark, the islands have been granted considerable autonomy. Fishing is a key part of the trade, with seafood exported to all six continents.
Góða Ólavsøku!
Centuries of relative isolation have resulted in the preservation of long-standing traditions that still characterize life in the Faroe Islands. One strong tradition is the national day celebrated on July 28 and 29, known as Ólavsøka.
The holiday is held in memory of the Norwegian king Olaf Haraldsson II, who died in the Battle of Stiklestad in Norway in 1030 and was later canonized as the patron saint of Norway. In Norway, a similar celebration called Olsok Day is also observed on July 29.
The death of the Norwegian king is believed to have contributed to the Christianization of Norway and thereby also the Faroe Islands, which during the Middle Ages were part of the Kingdom of Norway. The tradition of celebrating Olsok, still observed in Norway, has also lived on in the Faroe Islands and is today the nation’s national day.
The celebration of Ólavsøka thus stretches back about a thousand years, but in its current form, it has been observed since 1920.
A popular festival
Ólavsøka is celebrated with a large public festival lasting two days, during which residents often gather in the capital, Tórshavn. Men, women, and children frequently wear Faroese national costumes, known as føroyski tjóðbúnin, for the celebration. It is the largest summer festival of the year.
The opening ceremony is often described as both colorful and highly traditional. In a procession, athletes from local clubs, politicians, musicians, and riders march through the streets of the city accompanied by a brass band. Outside the parliament building, Ólavsøka is then officially opened with speeches and musical performances.
During these days, the streets of Tórshavn are filled with people of all ages. The joyful atmosphere is palpable as old friends reunite, families spend time together, and strangers meet.
900-year-old tradition
The Faroese Parliament dates back to the 9th century, making it one of the oldest parliaments in the world. In Viking times, for example, it was the highest authority on the islands.
The opening of the Parliament, which takes place on July 29, is a very long tradition that goes back over 900 years. Among other things, it is documented in the Sheep Letter, which is the oldest legal document in the Faroe Islands, dating back to 1298.
The Føroya løgting opens at 11 a.m. when members of parliament, government ministers, priests of the National Church of the Faroe Islands and other public officials walk in procession to Tórshavn Cathedral where a service is held. After the service, the procession goes to the parliament building where there are choral and musical performances.
At the formal opening of Parliament, the Prime Minister (Løgmaður) delivers his annual address to Parliament and the Faroese nation. The opening of Parliament is considered an important part of Ólavsøka and reflects the ancient connection between Parliament and the Church.
Kvaddans and Midnight Singing
During the celebration, there are art exhibitions, concerts, and other cultural highlights in the Faroese spirit. One tradition is the so-called kvaddans, where participants hold hands and dance in a long chain or circle. It is a traditional Faroese dance dating back to the Middle Ages, where participants sing old narrative ballads – kvæði, an old word for song. In Sweden, the dance is known as ballad dance.
The Faroe Islands’ national sport is sea rowing, and the final of the national rowing competition is also held during Ólavsøka, one of the highlights of Faroese sports.
Local specialties such as skerpikjøt (dried mutton) and aquavit as a welcome drink are often served, and restaurants stay open late.
An important part of the celebration is also Midnáttarsangurin, which translates to “the midnight song”. It takes place at midnight between July 28 and 29 in Tórshavn, where Faroese people gather at the town square near the parliament to sing together. Both old and new Faroese songs and ballads are sung, and kvaddans is danced here as well.
