Monday, June 2, 2025

Polaris of Enlightenment

Why you should have plants in your home

Published 13 October 2024
– By Editorial Staff

The right plants can significantly reduce harmful air pollutants. Additionally, their presence has been linked to lower stress levels and increased productivity.

The biophilia hypothesis proposes that humans have an inherent connection to nature, and as a result, experience comfort and well-being when immersed in it. A number of studies also show that spending time in nature can have major health benefits for us. For example, being close to nature at home tends to reduce the use of antidepressants and boost self-esteem. Studies also show that spending time in nature can positively change people’s perspective on time.

At the same time, there is also comfort for those who have difficulty getting to the forest. Studies suggest that even houseplants at home or work can have similar effects.

All plants produce oxygen and also absorb carbon dioxide. Some plants can also help purify the air and even improve humidity levels. As early as 1989, NASA was researching the effect of plants on the air in enclosed spaces as spacecraft are unable to ventilate away harmful substances. The study mainly used plants that do better in low-light environments, focusing on how plants can purify the toxic substances benzene, trichloroethylene and formaldehyde. The NASA study found that a lot of houseplants actually removed toxic substances from the air, at least partially.

Reducing stress

In a 2015 study, researchers wanted to look at the possible psychological and physiological health benefits of indoor plants. In this study, 24 young male participants were asked to either replant a houseplant or complete a brief computer-based task, after which their heart rate and blood pressure were measured. Participants who worked with the plants showed lower blood pressure and generally felt calmer compared to those who performed the computer task. In contrast, those who used the computer reported feeling more discomfort, and their blood pressure increased.

Even just looking at pictures of houseplants can have health benefits, according to another 2012 study. It exposed patients in a hospital waiting room to real plants, pictures of plants or no nature at all and compared the results. Both the real plants and the pictures of plants contributed to lower stress levels compared to having no nature at all in the waiting room.

Research also shows that houseplants can help people heal from injury or illness. An umbrella study found that hospitalized patients with a view of houseplants or trees were calmer and had better conditions for well-being compared to those without. They also typically required less pain medication and had shorter hospital stays than other patients.

Plants create happiness

Some research also suggests that houseplants can simply make you happier. For example, a 2013 study found that participants who spent five to ten minutes in a room with a few houseplants felt happier than those who were in a room without plants. Plants, or rather nature, are also generally thought to increase self-esteem and yet another study suggests that there is a very strong link between being close to nature and feeling happy.

Another study, published in 2019, found that green and purple plants in particular were effective in counteracting negative emotions.

Increases productivity

In a Korean study, primary school students were placed in classrooms with either a fake plant, a real plant, a photo of a plant, or no plant at all. Brain scans revealed that only the children exposed to a real plant showed significant improvements in attention and concentration. Similarly, a study from the Netherlands found that children in classrooms with a green plant wall performed better on tests of selective attention, which involves focusing on a specific task while filtering out distractions.

An older study from 1996 tried to implement potted plants in a windowless laboratory at a university. They found that, on average, students worked 12% faster if they had plants in the lab, compared to without. In another study, those working in a call center with a view of potted plants took 7% more calls compared to those without a plant view. Another study also tested implementing plants in three different offices in the UK and the Netherlands and found that those who had access to plants at their workplace were on average 15% more productive.

Air purifying plants

There are many plants that are claimed to purify the air of toxins, but some stand out in studies for their properties. If you’re in the market for a new houseplant but don’t know what to get, here are a few plants to consider.

Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum wallisii)

This plant is very common as a houseplant and should be easy to care for. It does not thrive in direct sunlight, but light, partial shade and even shade should be fine. It needs plenty of water and during the spring to fall you can also give nutrition once a month, but skip it during the winter.

Peace lilies are said to be one of the most air-purifying plants to have indoors. The NASA study found that it could reduce the toxic substance benzene by as much as 79.5% in just 24 hours. In the case of trichloroethylene, it reduced it by 23%, the highest reduction of any plant tested. It also removed 16,167 micrograms of formaldehyde in one day.

A 2022 study by researchers at the University of Birmingham tested three common houseplants, including the Peace Lily, to see if they could help remove air pollution in the home. All three plants were found to be effective against air pollution, removing around half of the nitrogen dioxide they were exposed to – in just one hour.

The Peace Lily is also said to be an effective humidifier as the leaves emit water vapor.

Peace Lily. Montage. Photo: Outi Marjaana, Elena Golovchenko/Pexels

Corn Plant (Dracaena fragrans)

Corn Plant is considered a shrub, or small tree. It thrives in semi-shade or shade and doesn’t need too much water, but the soil should be kept slightly moist. During winter it needs light, but does not like direct sunlight. Nutrition can be given once a month during winter

This plant was also included in the 2022 study, and is thus effective against air pollution, just like the Peace Lily. The NASA study also found that the plant was effective against formaldehyde

Corn Plant. Photo: feey/Unsplash

Ivy (Hedera helix)

The ivy does not like strong sunlight and likes to have a shower of water from time to time.

The leaves of the plant have long been used as a medicine for respiratory inflammations and are supposed to be expectorant. Today it is used as an active ingredient in medicines.

Ivy was also included in NASA’s study and proved to be the best of all plants at reducing benzene levels, by as much as 89.8% over 24 hours. In the case of trichloroethylene, it removed 10.9% over the same time. When eliminating formaldehyde, the plant reduced it by 9 653 micrograms over 24 hours.

Ivy. Photo: Jaunathan Gagnon/Unsplash

ZZ Plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia)

ZZ Plant, also known as Eternity Plant, is hardy and can grow in both light and shade, but should not be placed in full sun. It will grow faster in a brighter position and the leaves will turn darker in a darker position. It’s good to allow the soil to dry out between waterings.

A 2013 study showed that the plant can effectively remove harmful substances such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) from indoor environments. In another 2020 study, the plant was found to be particularly good at reducing concentrations of ethylbenzene. The researchers also saw positive effects when combined with other plants such as Sansevieria trifasciata to improve air purification of toluene and formaldehyde, among others.

This plant was also included in the previous study from 2022, and is thus effective against air pollutants.

ZZ Plant. Montage. Photo: WeFt, feey/CC BY-SA 3.0

True Aloe (Aloe vera)

Aloe vera thrives in well-drained soil, so it’s a good idea to put Leca balls in the bottom of the pot. It likes plenty of sun, but not too much water. Watering about twice a month is usually enough. Aloe vera is known for its many healing and health-giving properties, both internally and externally, but it is also said to be an excellent helper in purifying the air in the home.

True Aloe. Photo: Cecília O. Tommasini/Pexels

Two different review studies show that Aloe vera is effective in removing formaldehyde and benzene, but also xylenes. The plant was also included in the NASA study, which found that it could remove 1,555 micrograms of formaldehyde over 24 hours.

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Use of obesity drugs surges in Finland

Published 27 May 2025
– By Editorial Staff
Sales of obesity medication have skyrocketed in Finland in just a few years.

The use of obesity medication increased significantly in Finland last year – many more Finns were treated for obesity compared to 2023. At the same time, opinions are divided on the effectiveness of the treatment.

A total of 75,000 Finns used medicines for weight loss or obesity treatment in 2024. This is an increase of 20% compared to 2023, according to the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (Kela). In five years, the number of users has increased more than elevenfold.

Semaglutide, sold under brands such as Ozempic and Wegovy, is the most popular. Originally designed as a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, this type of medicine is not reimbursed if it is used for obesity alone. This means that Finns have to foot the bill themselves, which can be over €260 each month.

It is also unclear how effective this type of weight loss medication really is, but Pia Pajunen, an expert physician at Kela, says it is not a quick fix for losing weight.

If you stop using the obesity medication, the weight often starts to increase again quickly. It’s important that both doctors and patients are aware that research shows these medications generally need to be used long-term, she says in a press release.

Good fitness may prevent dementia

Published 27 May 2025
– By Editorial Staff

People at risk of dementia can reduce their risk by improving their fitness, according to a study from Karolinska Institutet. The study shows that the risk can be reduced by up to 35%.

In the study, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, researchers used data from 61,214 dementia-free people, drawn from the UK Biobank database. The participants, who were aged between 39 and 70, were followed over a period of 12 years.

On enrollment, participants completed a six-minute cycle test to measure fitness, and neurological tests were done to estimate their cognitive function. The researchers also examined genetic predisposition to dementia.

During the 12-year follow-up period, a total of 553 people were diagnosed with dementia, representing 0.9%.

The results show that better fitness is linked to reduced dementia risk and improved cognitive function. According to Weili Xu, Professor of Geriatric Epidemiology in the Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, good fitness can reduce the risk of all forms of dementia by up to 35%.

– Our findings suggest that maintaining good fitness may be a strategy for preventing dementia, even among people with high genetic susceptibility, she says in a press release.

The researchers also emphasize that this is an observational study, so it is not possible to determine cause and effect. The number of dementia cases may also have been underestimated, they add, as UK Biobank participants are generally healthier than the general population.

Ultra-processed food may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease

Published 21 May 2025
– By Editorial Staff

Extra-processed foods and sugar-sweetened beverages are linked to a particularly increased risk of premature death from cardiovascular disease, according to a study from Lund University.

Ultra-processed food is food that has undergone extensive processing and contains a high proportion of added chemicals compared to “regular” processed food. This type of food is often cheap, heavily marketed and has become an increasingly important part of the Western diet in recent years.

In the study, published in Clinical Nutrition, researchers followed 27 670 participants from the Malmö Diet Cancer Study over 23 years, with funding from the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation.

The results show that a high intake of highly processed foods and sugar-sweetened beverages is linked to an increased risk of premature death, death from cardiovascular disease and death from respiratory disease. There is an increased risk for women.

– Over-processed foods are often rich in salt, fat and added sugars, but often poor in fiber, vitamins and nutrients. Limiting intake can reduce the risk of premature death, says Emily Sonestedt, associate professor at Lund University and lead researcher of the study, in a press release.

Ultra-processed food is markedly different from what humans have been eating for thousands of years, but the long-term effects on health have yet to be studied in depth. However, links between this type of food have previously been made to depression and type 2 diabetes. At the same time, the researchers point out that more studies are needed on the subject.

–  More research is needed to better understand how ultra-processed food affects the body. In future studies, we will be able to analyze current dietary data in the Swedish population and learn more about the relationship with cardiovascular disease, says Kristina Sparreljung, Secretary General of the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation.

Sauerkraut may help your stomach

Published 11 May 2025
– By Editorial Staff

Sauerkraut may protect the intestinal lining from inflammation, according to an American study. During fermentation, the nutritional content of cabbage changes – including an increase in levels of lactic acid, amino acids, and other beneficial substances that are formed during the breakdown and can promote gut health.

Fermentation is a natural process where microorganisms like lactic acid bacteria and yeast break down sugars in food. This often results in the conversion of sugar into lactic acid or alcohol. The process not only helps preserve the food – it also produces probiotics, meaning live bacteria that are beneficial for the gut.

Fermented foods have been eaten for thousands of years around the world. For example, eating fermented vegetables makes the nutrients in the food easier for the body to absorb, and some studies show that vitamin levels can actually increase. There are also studies that suggest fermented foods can have positive effects on health, particularly for digestion and the immune system.

Sauerkraut better than raw cabbage

Researchers at the University of California Davis in the USA tested whether the nutrients in sauerkraut could help protect intestinal cells from inflammation-related damage. The study compared sauerkraut, raw cabbage, and the brine left over after the cabbage fermentation process.

The experiments were conducted on an artificial intestinal wall exposed to inflammation by adding so-called cytokines – which are known to damage the intestinal lining. These can be activated in the gut, for example, by consuming too much ultra-processed food or too much sugar or salt.

Fermentation increases beneficial substances

The results showed that sauerkraut can protect the intestinal lining from inflammation caused by cytokines. Raw cabbage and the brine, however, did not help protect the gut. It didn’t matter whether the sauerkraut was store-bought or homemade.

Chemical analyses show that fermentation changes the nutritional profile of cabbage and increases the amount of beneficial metabolites such as lactic acid, amino acids, and plant compounds, which in turn are linked to gut health. These changes may explain why fermented foods are often associated with digestive benefits.

– Some of the metabolites we find in the sauerkraut are the same kind of metabolites we’re finding to be made by the gut microbiome, so that gives us a little more confidence that this connection we found between the metabolites in sauerkraut and good gut health makes sense, says Professor Maria Marco in a press release.

The researchers have found hundreds of different metabolites that are formed during fermentation and that they are now working to determine which ones play the biggest role in supporting long-term gut health. The next step in the research is to conduct studies in humans to see if the gut-protective metabolites found in sauerkraut can have the same positive effects when included in the daily diet, as was shown in the lab.

A little bit of sauerkraut could go a long way, she says. We should be thinking about including these fermented foods in our regular diets and not just as a side on our hot dogs.

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